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Corporación Chilena de la Madera (CORMA), Concepción, Chile.
Copiapoa taxonomy and monographs
Doweld, A. B. (2001).
On the phylogeny and systematics of the genus Copiapoa Britton et Rose.
Succulents (CYKKY JIEHTbl), 1–2, 46–56.
Ritter, F. (1980).
Kakteen in Südamerika, Band 3: Chile.
Spangenberg Verlag.
Sarnes, J. (2025).
Copiapoa: The Complete Monograph.
Self-published / Private edition.
Schulz, R., Kapitany, A. (1994).
Copiapoa.
Cactus & Co.
Cultivation and collector literature
Charles, G. (1998).
Copiapoa and their cultivation.
British Cactus & Succulent Society.
Stone, G. (2014).
Copiapoa: The extreme end of the scale.
Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.), 86(3).
Panco, D. (2013).
The Stone Eaters.
Xerophilia, Issue 2.
Seed bank / seed persistence
Lindow-López, L., et al. 2023.
Soil seed banks in Cactaceae: seed density, distribution, and persistence across arid environments.
Journal of Arid Environments.
Álvarez-Espino, R., et al. 2014.
Seed banks and germination dynamics in desert cacti: implications for recruitment under variable rainfall.
Plant Ecology.
Evolutionary and Phylogenetic Context
Gulmon, S. L., Rundel, P. W., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A. 1979.
Spatial relationships and competition in a Chilean desert cactus.
Oecologia 44: 40–43.
Hernández-Hernández, T., Brown, J. W., Schlumpberger, B. O., Eguiarte, L. E., & Magallón, S. (2014).
Beyond aridification: multiple explanations for the elevated diversification of cacti in the New World Succulent Biome.
New Phytologist, 202(4), 1382–1397.
Larridon, I., Walter, H. E., Eggli, U., Ogburn, R. M., & Moore, M. J. (2014).
Is there a future for the Cactaceae genera Copiapoa, Eriosyce and Eulychnia?
Biodiversity and Conservation, 23, 1249–1287.
Larridon, I., Walter, H. E., Eggli, U., Ogburn, R. M., & Moore, M. J. (2015).
An integrative approach to understanding the evolution and diversity of Copiapoa.
American Journal of Botany, 102(11), 1853–1867.
Larridon, I., et al. (2018).
Investigating taxon boundaries and extinction risk in endemic Chilean cacti (Copiapoa subsection Cinerei, Cactaceae) using chloroplast DNA sequences, microsatellite data and 3D mapping.
Kew Bulletin, 73: 55.
Davis, T. J., & Pillet, M. D. (2023).
Don’t Tell Me, Show Me: The Importance of Managing Collection Data.
Cactus and Succulent Journal (U.S.), 95(3).
Korotkova, N., Borsch, T., Arias, S., Barthlott, W., Hunt, D. R., Taylor, N. P., & Liede-Schumann, S. (2021).
Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org: A dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family.
Willdenowia, 51(2), 251–270.
This site synthesizes peer-reviewed research across climatology, geology, plant physiology, and desert ecology. Where Copiapoa-specific experimental data are limited, broader cactus and fog-desert literature is used conservatively to interpret recurring morphological and ecological patterns.
LA Cactus Connection